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粤东潮汕地区河流众多、流域封闭、人类活动强烈，是进行微塑料输运机制研究的良好区域.本研究以潮汕地区暴雨前后的河岸沉积物为研究对象，对微塑料进行提取后镜检获得其丰度和形貌特征，选取典型样品利用傅里叶红外光谱仪（μ-FTIR）进行微塑料种类的鉴定.研究结果表明，潮汕地区沉积物中微塑料的平均丰度为180.69±87.09个/kg，大小集中在0.1-0.5 mm，以纤维状为主，PET最为常见.暴雨事件显著降低了沉积物中微塑料的丰度与粒径.人类活动强度直接关联微塑料的丰度和形态多样性，高强度活动区域微塑料污染更为严重.此外，河流水动力条件对微塑料的积累有重要影响，河流水动力较弱的区域更易积累微塑料.因此，暴雨事件、人类活动和河流水动力是影响潮汕地区河流沉积物微塑料空间分布的主要因素.本研究为潮汕地区微塑料污染的治理和防控提供了基础数据和理论支撑.
Abstract：Chaoshan area in eastern Guangdong, characterized by numerous rivers, enclosed watersheds, and intense human activities, serves as an ideal region for studying the transport mechanisms of microplastics. This study focuses on riverbank sediments before and after rainstorms in the Chaoshan area, extracting microplastics from these sediments for microscopic examination to obtain their abundance and morphological characteristics. Representative samples were selected for identification of microplastic types using μ-FTIR. The results indicate that the average abundance of microplastics in the sediments of the Chaoshan area is 180.69 ±87.09 items/kg,with sizes concentrated between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, primarily in fibrous forms, and PET being the most prevalent type. Rainstorm events significantly reduce the abundance and particle size of microplastics in sediments. The intensity of human activities is directly correlated with the abundance and morphological diversity of microplastics, with higher levels of contamination observed in areas with more intensive activities. Furthermore, hydrodynamic conditions in rivers play a crucial role in the accumulation of microplastics, with weaker hydrodynamic regions more prone to accumulating these pollutants. Therefore, rainstorm events, human activities, and river hydrodynamics are the primary factors influencing the spatial distribution of microplastics in the river sediments form Chaoshan area. This study provides fundamental data and theoretical support for the management and prevention of microplastic pollution in the Chaoshan area.
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基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:X52
引用信息:
[1]郭峰,雷安华,李诗颖等.粤东潮汕地区河流沉积物微塑料分布及其影响因素初探[J].汕头大学学报(自然科学版),2025,40(01):35-45.
基金信息:
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金（2023A1515012926）; 广东省2023年海洋经济发展（海洋六大产业）项目-潮州市饶平海岸带地质资源环境调查评价（GDNRC[2023]46）; 广东省地质勘查与城市地质专项（2023-22,2024-13,2022-18）